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Preface: This article offers tips and advice for both graphic design firms and the businesses seeking to hire them. Although the focus is on San Francisco graphic design firms (a city bursting at the seams with a slew of graphic design firms and freelance designers), the contents are universal and beneficial to all geographic locations.

In my previous article, How to get graphic design and copywriting clients, I interviewed three top creative firms and asked them all the nitty-gritty details on how to generate new business. Then I got to thinking…how great would it be to have just a few minutes of the clients’ time to pick their brains on how they find and choose us?

Choosing a graphic design firm can be a daunting process. Offering fantastic first-hand perspective on the process are: Marco Zappacosta, co-founder and CEO of Thumbtack an online marketplace for local services; Lauren Schiller, co-founder of the weekly San Francisco radio show, Lady Brain; and Tex Dworkin, Director of Social Media for Global Exchange. Moderated by San Francisco graphic designer / writer, Stephanie Orma of Orma Design and She’s SO Creative, the three share their experience, advice, fears, and turns-off in selecting a design firm. This is an honest, eye-opening discussion that every designer-seeking-client must read.

1. In a nutshell, please describe your business.

Zappacosta: Thumbtack is an online marketplace for local services (think eBay for services).

Schiller: Lady Brain is the most candid advice show on San Francisco radio. My partner Steph and I cover topics so personal, you may have thought they could only happen to you. We air on KUSF 90.3 FM. Our weekly show is also available through iTunes and on our website, askladybrain.com.

Dworkin: I sit on the board of the Fair Trade Resource Network and Fair Trade Federation Fundraising committee. These organizations are networks/resources for Fair Trade, socially responsible businesses in the U.S.

2. Why were you in need of a designer?

Zappacosta: When we started Thumbtack, we didn’t have any design capabilities in-house, but knew it would be key to building a good service. So we decided to hire an outside firm.

Schiller: When we first launched the show, we knew we needed to grow our online presence to support podcast downloads and get the word out to ladies everywhere about Lady Brain. We have ablog and Facebook page, but needed a home for our brand online. We also wanted to represent ourselves as a legitimate broadcasting presence, not just another podcast.

Dworkin: We were seeking a designer to design a new calendar that would be sold in retail stores as a fundraising tool for our organization.

3. How did you go about finding a designer?

Zappacosta: We set about the search mainly by mining blog posts and lists of “best SF designers.” We didn’t post any Craigslist ads because we’d heard of people getting inundated with crap. After creating a list of potential candidates, we did a deep dive into their portfolios to identify whether we liked their style and whether they’d ever attempted a project like ours.

Schiller: Because I have a background in marketing and advertising, I knew of a handful of good design firms in the city that I had worked with in the past, or came recommended. I reached out to my network for recommendations and met with the designers whose aesthetic I shared.

Dworkin: I used Google in combination with design firms I already knew about, as well as advice from co-workers. Once I had a list of possible firms, I emailed each one individually. I then spoke on the phone with the leading contenders to explain the project and get a feel for whether they would be a good fit for the project.

4. Was the search to find a designer difficult?

Zappacosta: Yes! In the end, I feel like we got lucky. First, it’s hard to know what’s out there. Second, it’s hard to evaluate what you’re seeing. And finally, it’s hard to get into contact with everyone (we didn’t hear back from all the designers we contacted).

Schiller: Because of my past experience in the industry, I was able to find a number of qualified designers and agencies relatively quickly. Although there are many talented designers, the more difficult task is finding the right agency: one that can meet your time frame, budget, quality standards, and understand your audience and the role of your website – and can present a creative vision.

Dworkin: It was time consuming. It was very important to find the right design firm to do this project, one that was values-based and would be able to address the tastes of our target audience. I was surprised that one firm that came highly recommended actually took weeks to get me a quote, as well as the info they said they would send. It really turned me off and I did not go with them for obvious reasons.

5. How many responses did you get/have options to choose from?

Zappacosta: In the end we had 4 phone calls and 3 in person meetings.

Schiller: Because I narrowed the list down first, I took bids from a few agencies and met with each to discuss their capabilities and credentials.

Dworkin: From those I contacted, the majority responded, although in some cases, surprisingly not very fast. The speed at which they responded definitely affected my decision. I finally narrowed it down to 3 firms and made my final decision after seeing a sample of a very similar project to mine in the winning firm’s portfolio.

6. When you looked at the designers’ portfolios, what exactly were you looking for? And was it hard to assess if they would be a good fit for you?

Zappacosta: Because of what we were trying to build we went looking for designers that had built interactive websites. It’s one thing to create a good-looking design but another to create an intuitive one. The hardest part about evaluating designers’ work is trying to figure out exactly what they did. Often, and especially if the project they did was big, there were collaborators and/or other consultants, making it hard to identify exactly what the designer in question brought to the table.

Schiller: It’s important for the agency to understand whom they’re building a site for. Having a great design sense is only the beginning – if the website doesn’t speak to its audience, it doesn’t serve its purpose. So in looking at portfolios, I tried to understand the nature of each business and assess how the final site spoke to their audience and communicated their message and whether they’d be able to provide a customized experience.

Dworkin: I immediately looked for similar projects and quality. Seeing samples in person made it very easy to determine which would and wouldn’t be a good fit for my project.

7. What were the most important factors in choosing a graphic design firm?

Zappacosta: The most important factor for us was a firm that could take us through the entire process of conceptualization, mock-ups, design, and coding. We really needed all of it from one group.

Schiller: Cost was definitely an issue – we didn’t have a big budget. But having someone who understood our concept and was able to not only design something we liked, but come up with new, fresh ideas for presenting our brand online was key.

Dworkin: In order of priority, the deciding factors were: cost, quality, similar project, and speed of response.

8. What were your biggest fears in hiring a graphic design firm?

Zappacosta: The biggest fear is thinking that you’ll get too far along in the process before you realize you’ve hired the wrong person. The designer ultimately controls how your clients or customers see your product – it’s a huge responsibility.

Schiller: You never know what the final product is going to look like. So I think the biggest fear is always “Will I get what I paid for?” and “Will it work to accomplish my goals?” “Will I like it?”

Dworkin: Our biggest concern was that our deadlines would be met. With this project being a calendar, we really needed to stick to our timeline.

9. Were you happy with the outcome? Anything you would have done differently?

Zappacosta: We selected Project6 Design and were quite happy with what we got:www.thumbtack.com One thing we didn’t quite handle correctly was how to deal with post-project edits and improvements. Being a start-up, we’re constantly changing, and I think we could have been clearer from the get-go how this phase of the relationship would go.

Schiller: We love our site designed by Veneer Studio. With the move to broadcast radio from strictly podcasting and the combination of social media and grassroots growth, it’s doing a great job supporting Lady Brain. They definitely got our sense of humor and kept it simple.

Dworkin: We were happy with the calendar (not shown) that Design Action Collective, created for us. Looking back, I would have allowed more time in our own timeline for the entire design process. You can only do so much to move the timeline forward on your end.

(originally appeared in SF Examiner  02/22/10)

The February 2010 issue of HOW magazine is currently on newstands and in bookstores all across the country. The article I wrote, “Turn Downtime into Playtime” features the awesome work by design firms Flywheel Design, Brand Engine, and graphic designer France Liddell.

DOWNLOAD & READ STEPHANIE ORMA’S ARTICLE (the PDF is 8.9mb so download time is a little slow – but SO worth it!)

“Dealing with rejection” – if you’re a creative (graphic designer, writer, illustrator, photographer, etc.) you might as well add it to the “skills” section on your resume. As creatives, it’s part of our job description to take a risk and put our work and ideas out there to be judged by others. And, of course, there’s always someone out there who doesn’t like our work. But where there’s risk – there’s reward (a.k.a. how awesome it feels to nail a concept). So we learn (and teach) the art of giving and receiving constructive criticism to others…and develop a skin as thick as can be.

But what happens when the people judging our work, the creatives in positions of hiring power don’t understand “the constructive” part of constructive criticism and just criticize?

Ordinarily, I would highly prefer not to broadcast my rejections faced in the creative business. But I recently encountered a Creative Recruiter in a high position of power who was rude, condescending, unprofessional, and seriously lacked understanding of how to give constructive criticism. My hope in telling this story is not to fish for supportive jabs at the idiot Creative Recruiter (I know my strengths and weaknesses – thank you) but to bring light to the fact that behavior like this is unacceptable and potentially damaging to young creative professionals just entering the field.

A few months ago, I went out on a limb and contacted the Creative Director of one the most prominent advertising agencies in San Francisco. I was seeking freelance creative work (writing, concepting, etc.) and this firm, in particular, has been on my “top places to work” list since the beginning of my career in SF. To be honest, I wasn’t sure I’d even get a response but I figured I had nothing to lose (and everything to gain!) Thus, I was so excited when the amazingly talented Creative Director himself actually replied to my email. He was honest and said he thought I had talent, but I might not be a good fit for the agency at this point and he referred me to their Creative Recruiter who could offer a better perspective on how to “separate myself from the pack.” So I contacted the Creative Recruiter, but after a month of radio silence, I just assumed they weren’t interested in working with me. And frankly, with the personal email I received from the Creative Director whom I had deeply admired for some time, I was just as content to move on. Hey, that’s the way the creative biz goes.

Then I got the phone call.

After 5 weeks of zero communication, I naturally assumed the non-response by the agency meant they weren’t interested in working with me. And I was right. But just so I was totally clear on this point – the Creative Recruiter felt it necessary to let me know, in the most condescending way possible, that it wasn’t a good fit. He definitely did not offer advice on how to “separate myself from the pack” and he certainly did not provide constructive feedback. He threw in the word “cute” to describe my work (a snide insult in this business) and concluded the conversation with something like, “hope I didn’t dash your hopes of ever succeeding [in this industry].”

Was I upset? Hell, yes. Because of what he said about my work? No. I have solid confidence in my talent and have two successful creative businesses. But I was seriously disturbed and completely taken aback by his sheer rudeness. I can only imagine how many people with serious talent he’s hurt or discouraged along the way. And that is NOT acceptable. There’s never a place for condescension in any field.

In article after article I’ve written, I’ve been a champion and cheerleader of creatives everywhere. I’m contacted on a daily basis by newbie designers from across the nation seeking advice on their careers, feedback on their design or writing portfolios, or interests in interning (which I don’t offer at this time, btw). Time permitted, I do my best to respond and provide solid, constructive feedback to all who take the time to contact me. Why? Because I was in their shoes once (we were ALL in their shoes once) and support and encouragement go a long way.

So drop the ego Mr. Creative Recruiter. Yes, your agency has earned enough awards for its share of bragging rights. But you sir, need to get a clue. And yes, you’re right – it is certainly not a good fit.

Resources
Here are some good articles on giving and receiving constructive criticism:
http://blog.logodesignguru.com/constructive-criticism-and-your-graphic-designer/
http://theclosetentrepreneur.com/criticism-sucks-but-it-can-be-good-for-you
http://oli.boblet.net/2004/01/15/critique
http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/10/01/how-to-respond-effectively-to-design-criticism/
http://www.lifehack.org/articles/communication/how-to-handle-criticism.html

(originally appeared in SF Examiner  11/30/09)

If you missed Live From the Left Coast’s radio discussion on typography this past Friday, October 30th, you can still catch the lively, informative, and humorous discussion via their Podcast. Host Angie Coiro discusses typography and its impact on our daily lives with Tom Ingalls, founder of Ingalls Design and Professor of Graphic Design at the California College for the Arts, Dave and Holly Combs, of PEEL Magazine and creators of the movement to Ban Comic Sans, and myself, designer/writer Stephanie Orma of Orma Design and She’s SO Creative.

Would love to hear your comments and thoughts on the typography show.

There are numerous articles on the web that talk about the pros and cons of hiring a large graphic design firm vs. a freelance graphic designer. But what about the difference between hiring a small design firm (more than 1 person) vs. a freelancer? As long as both have high-quality portfolios, it’s virtually the same. So why then, are there such huge discrepancies between what freelance designers are charging vs. small design firms?

I recently asked a partner in a small design firm what she charged for a recent design project: for the website, around $25,000; for the logo, around $20,000. I have been charging my clients roughly 10 times less for the exact same scope of work (and frankly, much better quality too).Unfortunately, I’m not alone. Many of my freelance design peers are in the exact same boat: undercharging and feeling undervalued.

Here’s what makes sense: the small design firm has to pay overhead, rental space, and salary for more than just one person. The freelance designer working from home has less overhead. Here’s what doesn’t make sense: if the quality of work and scope of work are the same (i.e. you’re working JUST as hard), shouldn’t we as freelancers be charging nearly the same amount if the end products are the same? The answer: hell yes.

So the question is, why the heck aren’t we? Here are the top ten reasons why freelance graphic designers are charging too little:

1. My clients just aren’t willing to pay that much.
2. My rates need to be really competitive because there are just too many designers willing to do the same work for less.
3. I’m afraid to ask for too much and risk losing current or potential clients.
4. I don’t know how to justify the higher rates to my clients.
5. I don’t know where to find the clients that are willing to pay more.
6. The economy is tight and I’ll take what I can get right now.
7. I’m charging less on this project because I’m hoping the end results will bring lots of referrals.
8. I lack the confidence or self-esteem to ask for higher rates.
9. I don’t want to offer prices I couldn’t afford to pay myself.
10. I feel intimidated competing against a design firm (even if they are small) for a client’s work.

Do any of these rationales sound familiar to you? You’re not alone. But this should (hopefully) make you feel better: do a quick Google search for small design firms in your area. Open up their website portfolios and compare them side by side on the screen with yours. Is your work better, the same, or worse? If it’s the same or better than that should pretty much knock off all the doubt/confidence concerns from the list (if it’s worse…sorry, but your lower rates may very well be justified at this time). For where to find those higher paying clients, see my previous article, How to get graphic design and copywriting clients: Drop the mouse and step away from the computer.

And finally, make a deal with yourself: if your clients aren’t paying what you want, then stop accepting the small jobs! Push the fear, lack of confidence or whatever it is into the garbage disposal and start charging what your time, energy, expertise, and creativity are rightfully worth.(originally appeared in SF Examiner  10/12/09)

I once read that the average salary of a graphic designer is nearly equivalent to that of a doorman in New York City. Based on the hourly wage of many of my peers, frankly, that’s not too far off. Sure, there’s a small percentage that fair better…and an even smaller percentage that fair great, but the overall data is certainly indicative of the fact that most companies still do not understand, appreciate, or value graphic design’s role in business. Even Landor Associates, the global strategic brand and consulting firm, understands the need to inform their audience on design and branding issues – which is exactly why I was so intrigued by Britt Dionne, Senior Marketing Communications Manager at Landor’s world headquarters in San Francisco.

Call it raising “brand awareness” or what have you; in plain English, Britt’s job is to communicate about design and branding for a living. Through innovative initiatives, print collateral, and article writings, Britt more than just educates current and potential clients about the firm’s visual, verbal, digital, and strategic capabilities. She’s seriously getting folks excited about the industry-at-large by engaging them in relevant, thought-provoking discussions on the intersection of design, branding, business, and society.

READ FULL ARTICLE: SF EXAMINER

If your house were on fire and you could only save a few items, what would they be? For me (assuming my husband, cat, and laptop were out of harms way) it would have to be my favorite collection of graphic design books. And what if by chance, you happen to come into a whole bunch of money? How would you spend it? For me, (assuming my husband, cat, and laptop were all in good health) it would have to be – more graphic design books, please!

For the newbie designer and seasoned professional alike, graphic design books offer a wealth of knowledge, fantastic inspiration, and oodles of amazing eye candy (not to mention awesome PR for the designer whose work is featured). In fact, I don’t know a single graphic designer who hasn’t at one point in their career fantasized about having their ownwork reproduced in one of those publications.

So how exactly does one go about getting into some of the best darn graphic design books on the market today, like the wildly successful Big Book of Logos series or The American Corporate Identityannuals? Nancy Heinonen, Publications Director of Crescent Hill Books (and the team responsible for producing those aforementioned titles and a ton more goodies) helps shed some light on the subject, and even offers some juicy tips on how to bring your own design book ideas to fruition. Read on! READ FULL ARTICLE: SF EXAMINER

No one understands the statement, “design is everywhere” better than us designers. But comprehension and integration are two totally separate acts. From food packaging, to billboards, to book covers, catalogs, websites, and everything in between, we spend the majority of our waking hours on our computers designing and/or looking at these designs through the portals of our monitors.But when the computer is shut down, does your “design radar” go off-line, as well?

For instance, when it’s time to grocery shop, are you in the get-in/get-out as fast as possible mindset? Or do you treat the experience as a journey through Design Mecca – with sources of inspiration lining the shelves from wall to wall? When you’re waiting on the unbearably slow line at the post office do you temper your impatience by burying your nose in your iPhone? Or do you make note of the ugly signage covering the walls and kill the time by redesigning it better in your head? “Cranking up your design radar” is about never turning off the designer in ourselves. READ FULL ARTICLE: Smashing Magazine

When I recently contacted over 16 freelance graphic designers and more than 10 graphic design firms for an article I was writing/researching for a major design publication, the response was seriously underwhelming to say the least. With a fantastic opportunity to gain nationwide exposure for their creative work and boost their business (in this economy no less), why would smart, talented designers choose to ignore priceless PR practically handed to them on a silver platter?

I’m not about to go into a whole spiel on the value of PR. For that, you can read Brett Turner’s insightful article on PRWeek, “Why PR Matters in a Down Economy.” But to address how important PR is specifically to a graphic designer’s career, I will say this: in a highly oversaturated field where even the most talented of folks are a dime a dozen, standing out from the crowd is pretty darn crucial whether you’re a freelancer, employee, or firm. When an unbiased columnist from a major design publication writes a rave review of your creative work, that’s credibility and exposure you simply can’t buy.

For reference, just look at how PR helped the careers of Chip Kidd, Stefan Sagmeister, Paula Scher, and any number of graphic designers you can name off-hand. By being featured in magazines, books, annuals, etc. not only is the design community exposed to their work, but so to are the plethora of businesses that hire them. Yes, the aforementioned designers are incredibly talented. But who’s to say you’re not in their league too? The problem is, if no one knows about your work it makes it that much harder to sell your skills. Unfortunately, talent alone won’t always help us win jobs – we have to be great designers and marketers (of ourselves).

So as a champion of creative folks everywhere and in a valiant effort to prevent designers from ever passing over great publicity again, I have provided a short Graphic Designers’ FAQ Guide to Public Relations (for what to do once you’ve been contacted by that dream publication):

Q: What if I’m uncomfortable with the subject matter I’m being interviewed about such as, “how to get clients?” I don’t want thousands of folks to read the “secrets” of how I go about gaining new business.

A: In one of my previous articles, “How to Get Graphic Design and Copywriting Clients: Drop the Mouse and Step Away from the Computer” this exact situation occurred. A few prominent design firms declined the interview because they felt uncomfortable revealing proprietary information that they felt might harm their business. But as creative folks in a creative industry, you are by the very nature of your job description – creative. So rather than turning away priceless PR, apply those creative juices to your responses and spin the information to best feature you/your firm. Talk about an incredibly clever direct mailer you sent out and include images so your design work has a chance to be featured, as well. Mention your blog as a means to gaining new clients and provide the url to drive readers to the site or name drop the awards you’ve won and how that’s helped you gain new business. The point is, with a little effort and creative thinking no subject matter has to be off-limits.

Q: What if I don’t have much to contribute on the subject matter the interviewer is inquiring about? I haven’t really been in that situation before and don’t think I have anything of value to add.

A: Drop the humbleness. Leave it right next to the mouse. And don’t even think of picking it up. Every designer is an individual and thus, has a unique perspective on being a graphic designer. This fact alone makes your thoughts/responses on any design question valid and valuable. So don’t sell yourself short and close the PR opportunity door prematurely. Thinking creatively is what you do for a living! So shift into brainstorming mode, position yourself as an expert, and put in the effort to provide some great, creative responses. The worst-case scenario is the interviewer decides not to use your answers, and the best case is awesome exposure for you! In other words, you literally have nothing to lose by trying.

“That’s all well and great,” you might be thinking, “but while other lucky bastards turned down a great opportunity, how do I get contacted/featured for a design article?” For starters, why not contact me (Stephanie Orma) or the editor of your favorite design publication with an article idea featuring you/your firm (hint: your chances of exposure increase greatly by making it more than just a “here’s my work, please feature me” email).

Bottom line – In the ever-expanding creative industry, if you can learn to apply your already highly developed creative thinking skills from the visual arena to the marketing of brand “you,” then you’ll do more than just survive – you’ll thrive. And who knows, you might just be added to the short list of graphic designers we all know by name.
(originally appeared in SF Examiner  6/28/09)

Most folks are familiar with the old proverb, “Those who can, do. Those who can’t, teach.” Well, Leslie Becker (designer, writer, scholar, professor, and recipient of the AIGA SF 2009 Fellow Award) is one giant exception to that rule. This extraordinary California College of the Arts (CCA) design educator has accomplished more in her lifetime, than most people dream of achieving in their entire lives.

Her professional bio is available online.

But if you’re craving to go beyond just the surface, (as Leslie has throughout her remarkable career), then follow interviewer/designer Stephanie Orma as she digs deeper, goes beneath the surface and discovers what it takes to follow your dreams. With a career built on talent, determination, hard work, and driving curiosity, Leslie Becker shares her personal thoughts, experiences, and reflections on her life in design, thus far.

Orma: With such a successful career working on projects ranging from graphic design, interior design, custom furniture, writing and teaching to completing a second degree and a Ph.D., plus running a marathon (at the age of 50 to boot!) what achievement are you most proud of? And why?

Leslie: Although I needed to complete a marathon because “it was there,” I couldn’t imagine going to my grave without having done one. I know this makes no sense, but I come from a competitive family. I might say that having finished my Ph.D. is what I am most proud of, but this is probably because it is the most recent achievement and definitely was a kind of boot camp that lasted for 5.5 years! I am also delighted to receive communications from former students who thank me years after having been in my class for something I imparted to them. Personally, I am most proud of my two sons because I find them to be good people. They have been living their lives according to values that I respect. (I realize that this is immensely self-congratulatory.)

Orma: In terms of your career and all the eclectic projects you’ve worked on over the years, can you pinpoint one or two that really stand out as favorites?

Leslie: I really enjoyed a lighting project that I did many years ago. It was extremely experimental and, though I wasn’t conscious of it at the time, was actually based upon the form of a military parafoil kite. Years later, I realized that I had just finished a kite catalog when I began the lighting project. This particular client would look at a rough sketch and enthusiastically encourage me to have it made. I would then go back to the office and deal with the space between fantastical idea and fabrication.

Another significant project was the Wooden Synagogue project. It was a series of print pieces designed to raise funds to rebuild a replica in Berkeley of a wooden synagogue that had been destroyed by the Nazis. Even the discussions around my choice of Fraktur [typeface] were really emotional. To read the complete interview, as well as interviews with Doug Akagi and Michael Cronan (equally exceptional 2009 Fellow Award recipients) visit AIGA SF